1.
Determination Of The Hepatitis C Virus Genotyping Prevailing In The Hepatitis Suspected Patients In District Mardan,
by Suliman Qadir Afridi | Prof. Dr. Tahir Yaqub | Dr. Fariha Akhtar | Dr. Yasin Tipu.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2012Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1469,T] (1).
2.
Study On Micobiological Quality Of Water Supplied To Poultry Birds From Tube Wells Water Pumps Drilled Up To Varying Bore
by Sidra Moqddes | Prof. Dr. Masood rabbani | Dr. Jawad Nazir | DR.Yasin tipu.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1922,T] (1).
3.
Bacterial Growth Inhibition Based Detection Of Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Residues In Milk
by Sana moin | Prif. Dr. Masood rabbani | Dr Ali ahmad | Dr. Yasin tipu.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1954,T] (1).
4.
Efficacy of Various Disinfectants Against Newcastle Disease Virus Isolates In Relation To Different Temperatures
by Momena Habib | Dr. Jawad Nazir | Prof.Dr.Aftab Ahmed Anjum | Dr. Yasin Tipu.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Newcastle disease (ND) is an infectious viral disease of birds and has been considered as one of the most significant diseases of poultry and other avian species around the globe (Aldous and Alexander 2001). The disease is endemic in Pakistan and causes major economic losses to poultry industry each year (Rehman H et al. 2013). Although incidence of ND in broiler and layers remains higher during the course of year, it reaches its plateau during seasonal stress (January-February and June-July). One report shows that during September 2011 - January 2012, the diseases has killed 45 million birds and resulted into a loss of approximately 65 million US $ to the country (Anonymous). ND virus (NDV) is an enveloped, single stranded RNA virus and grouped into the genus Avulavirus within family Paramyxoviridae(Calibeo-Hayes et al. 2003). Isolates of NDV may be categorized into three main pathotypes (lentogenic, mesogenic and velogenic) depending upon the severity of disease in chickens (Seal et al. 2000).
NDV is most commonly transmitted through fecal-oral and respiratory route provided that birds are in close contact (Alexander 1988). Infected birds excrete large amount of virus in their feces (Calibeo-Hayes et al. 2003). Virus is present in most tissue secretions of acutely infected birds even 24 hours prior to appearance of clinical signs. Under certain conditions, NDV can survive up to 20 days in fecal material (anonymous) and presence of organic matter might enhance the virus survival rates (Clarke et al. 1956). In order to control the spread of disease, decontaminate the infected premises is of prime importance. Strict biosecurity measures in conjunction with mass vaccination programs are also employed for the control of the disease. In past few decades, implementation of extensive vaccination programs in commercial poultry has reduced the
Introduction
2
disease incidence to some extent in Pakistan. However, this might also led to the generation of novel genotypes under high immune pressure(Miller et al. 2009). Disinfection of farm premises plays significant role to break the disease cycle of microbial pathogens(Fawzia1 et al. 2013). Such procedures gain more significance on the farms that experience disease outbreaks. Dry cleaning, burning and fumigation followed by chemical disinfection is routinely practiced in Pakistan. Although, physical method are helpful to reduce the pathogen load on farm premises but complete disinfection cannot be achieved without the use of chemical disinfectants. Commercial disinfectants employed in Pakistan are grouped into oxidizing agents, aldehydes, quaternary ammonium compounds, and phenolic preparations. The products containing these ingredients are available either alone or various combinations under different brand names. (Stringfellow et al. 2009).
All of the disinfectants do vary in their disinfection power but to achieve proper disinfectants appropriate interaction time is necessary. Under clean conditions such interaction time is low but longer contact times are needed in presence of organic matter. Some studies show that environmental temperature influences the interaction time of disinfects with matter/surfaces to achieve proper disinfection. In case of chlorine disinfection of adenovirus inactivation time was increased 2-3 times when temperature was lowered to an extent of 10°C (Clarke et al. 1956). Similarly, virucidal activity of some disinfectants including aldehyde, chlorine and iodine compounds against infectious bursaI disease virus (IBDV) was also decreased at lower temperatures (Benton et al. 1967). Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2226-T] (1).
5.
Impact Analysis Of Quality Control Practices In Selected Microbiology Based Veterinary Diagnostic Labs Operational In District Lahore
by Faiza Marrium (2009-VA-239) | Prof. Dr. Masood Rabbani | Dr. Ali Ahmed Sheikh | Dr. Yasin Tipu.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: Veterinary diagnostic labs are the powerful ally for the diagnosis, prevention and monitoring of animal diseases in any country. Labs are ordered for test for many reasons. Errors could be present in these tests. So to avoid detrimental effects of these errors a quality control system is required. This system is maintained by following the standards given by recognized international organizations like ISO, OIE, WHO, FAO and CDC etc. These authorities make the standards which should be followed by the VDLs to improve their quality of tests and management to give precise and accurate results which will help them in being well reputed lab which give internationally accepted quality of results.
In this study 4 private and 4 public sectors Veterinary diagnostic Labs was selected and it was assured to labs that their information will remain confidential as data was used only for the research purposes. Labs were identified by the codes given to them for study purpose. Information required for this study was gained through a questionnaire. Information regarding identity of lab, contact numbers, location and type of testing/diagnosis was gathered. Information about the parameters of quality control like building design, power backup, sections of lab, operating equipments, development of log books, availability of certificate of analysis for chemicals, availability of material safety data sheet was gathered. Quality assurance issues were also addressed by gathering information about internal quality assurance program, proficiency testing etc. Then this data was analyzed by using SPSS to interpret the results.
The data was analyzed statistically through frequency distribution by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18.0 for development of Graphs and Tables.
Summary
53
requirements about personnel and equipments were 80% and 87.5% while minimum values were 40% and 25% respectively. Maximum value about quality control measures and waste management were 89.47% and 70% and minimum percentages were 36.40% and 40% respectively. Results have shown that 100% requirements of environmental monitoring and customer care were fulfilled by some labs while some labs only fulfill 20% of these parameters.
Conclusion
This study shows that in Lahore district veterinary diagnostic labs are not giving proper attention to quality of their system and there is no significant difference between setups of private and public sector laboratories. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2277-T] (1).
6.
Detection Of Amantadine Resistant Variants Among Avian Influenza Viruses Subtype H9n2 Isolated In Pakistan
by Sabir Subhan (2009-VA-32) | Prof. Dr. Tahir Yaqub | Dr. Muhammad Zubair Shabbir | Dr. Yasin Tipu.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Avian influenza A virus subtype H9N2 is prevalent in poultry industry of Pakistan. Amantadine is an antiviral drug which is being used as prophylactic measure to control this disease despite the occurrence of resistance against this drug. There is need to monitor the resistance of amantadine in Flu viruses. In this study, we collected 100 samples of broilers birds showing mild to severe respiratory signs. Samples were collected from different locations of Punjab, Pakistan. After initial identification via Hemagglutination test, the molecular identification and confirmation of subtype H9N2 was done by multiplex PCR. To rule out the co-infection of NDV, PCR of NDV was also done. The samples which were pure H9N2 were further processed for the screening of amantadine susceptibility. To do this, titration of viruses was done on MDCK cells in the presence and absence of amantadine at the concentration of 2 ug /ml. The results of TCID5O were compared in the presence and absence of amantadine for each isolate and isolates showing difference of 2 log 10 TCID50/0.1 ml were declared resistant to amantadine as described by Masuda et al. 2000. The results of this study revealed that the viruses circulating in the poultry industry if Pakistan are resistant to this drug as we found that out 10 isolates 4 were resistant to this drug. So, there is need to monitor the usage of this drug in poultry as human cases of H9N2 viruses have been reported and virus was of avian origin. Monitoring is necessary because amantadine is recommended in flu pandemics and this virus possesses the pandemic potential and can cross the species barrier. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2457-T] (1).
